PercentBox
PercentBox

Mental Math for Percentages

Practical percentage shortcuts: finding 10%, 5%, 15%, 20%, and combining them for tips, discounts, and quick estimates without a calculator.

5 min read · Free educational guide

Anchor on 10% and 1%

10% moves the decimal one place left ($64.50 → $6.45). 1% moves it two places ($64.50 → $0.645). Almost every everyday percent can be built from those anchors.

Useful combinations

5% is half of 10%. 15% is 10% + 5%. 20% is double 10%. 25% is a quarter of the whole. 50% is half. 75% is half plus a quarter.

When to switch to a calculator

Messy decimals, stacked discounts, loan amortization, and compound growth deserve a tool. Use mental math to spot-check, not to replace careful work on high-stakes numbers.

Related calculators

FAQ

How do I estimate 18% tip quickly?
Take 20% (double 10%) then subtract a little, or do 10% + 5% + 3% (3% ≈ a third of 10%).

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